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TRAVEL REPORT
Nepal

1. RECENT UPDATES

Section 2 has been updated (demonstrations).

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2. WARNINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

There is no Official Warning for this country.

Nepal

Exercise normal security precautions

Exercise high degree of caution

Avoid non-essential travel

Avoid all travel

You should evaluate carefully the implications for your security and safety before deciding to travel to Nepal. Canadians in Nepal should maintain a high level of personal security awareness at all times due to the unpredictable safety situation. Following an intense period of unrest and armed conflict, the political and security situation remains fragile and volatile.

Protests and demonstrations are a frequent recurring event in Nepal and on occasion can turn violent. Civil unrest has been causing widespread disruptions in Kathmandu since the Prime Minister resigned on May 4, 2009. Due to political instability, the security situation could further deteriorate rapidly and without warning. Canadians are strongly advised to avoid protest sites and large gatherings, monitor local developments and follow the advice of local authorities.

Even though foreigners do not seem to be directly targeted by attacks in Nepal, some attacks have occurred in places frequented by tourists and expatriates. On May 23, 2009, a bomb went off inside the Catholic Assumption Church at Dhobighat in Kathmandu, killing two worshipers and injuring more than a dozen others. Canadians should remain vigilant at all times and in all places in Nepal.

Due to an energy shortage, twelve hour power cuts are to be expected daily.

Political Situation

Nepal’s political situation is extremely fragile and has undergone significant change in the last several years. In April 2006, the King reinstated parliament, a new Prime Minister was appointed and steps were taken to end ten years of Maoist insurgency. Later that year, a comprehensive peace agreement was signed between the Government of Nepal and the Communist Party of Nepal (CPN) (Maoist). On December 16, 2006, Nepal's ruling parties and the CPN-Maoist reached an agreement on an interim constitution. This has been perceived as a crucial development in the country’s peace process bringing an end to years of armed conflict. In early 2007, an interim constitution was adopted and an Eight Party Alliance was formed to create the interim government. Constituent Assembly elections were held on April 10, 2008.  The CPN (Maoist) emerged as the largest political party.  Nepal was declared a Federal Democratic Republic on May 28, 2008.  Nepal's first president was elected on July 21, 2008.  Following four months of arduous negotiations after the election, a maoist Prime Minister lead coalition government drawn from three parties: Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist), Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist Leninist) and Madhesi People Rights Forum was formed on August 15, 2008. On May 4, 2009, the Prime Minister resigned.

Political meetings and rallies take place throughout the country. Tensions between rival political groups remain high and travellers should be aware that violence has occurred in the past. Sporadic incidents of politically motivated violence may continue to occur throughout the country.

Strikes and Demonstrations

Protests and demonstrations have been growing in frequency since January 2007. Activists continue to stage demonstrations particularly in Kathmandu. Canadians should remain vigilant, monitor local news reports, and avoid large crowds and demonstrations.

General strikes (bandhs) are popular forms of political expression and occur frequently on short notice throughout the country affecting access to services. While bandhs are usually peaceful, riots and violence are possible. During a bandh businesses may close and transportation services may be disrupted. Road transport is often disturbed by strikes or military activities. Travellers should avoid road travel on public buses outside the Kathmandu Valley and urban centres during or immediately preceding bandhs. Tourists have been injured. Transportation to and from airports throughout Nepal could be affected and army and police checkpoints are often encountered, especially at night. Canadians should follow the advice of the local authorities and respect any curfews or roadblocks. 

On February 28, 2008, an agreement was signed bringing an end to a two-week general strike that affected food and fuel supplies throughout the country including in the Kathmandu Valley. The strike caused some violent protests and the fuel shortage seriously affected road travel. Travellers should be aware that the situation has been stable since the agreement was put in place, but it could deteriorate on short notice. 

Extremely violent clashes between political/ethnic groups in the Terai region have resulted in a few deaths and numerous injuries. The unpredictable nature of the attacks and demonstrations increases the risk to Canadians.

OFFICIAL REGISTRATION RECOMMENDATION: We offer a registration service for all Canadians travelling or living abroad. This service is provided so that we can contact and assist you in an emergency abroad, such as a natural disaster or civil unrest, or inform you of a family emergency at home. Registration can be done on-line or by contacting a Canadian government office abroad. For more information, see our FAQs on Registration of Canadians Abroad.

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3. SAFETY AND SECURITY

The decision to travel is the sole responsibility of the traveller. The traveller is also responsible for his or her own personal safety. The purpose of this Travel Report is to provide Canadians with up-to-date information to enable them to make well-informed decisions.

The Maoist insurgency, which began in 1996 has caused instability, violence, and widespread disruption across the country, including armed robberies, ransacking and destruction of premises, and threats. Army patrols and other government targets have come under attack, as has infrastructure, including telecommunications facilities in several areas frequented by tourists. Roads and bridges have been bombed. Some remote airports and power and water supplies have been targeted.

On September 2, 2007, three bombs exploded in Kathmandu. The explosions, which targeted public transportation, occurred in Balaju, Tripureshwor and Sundhara. Two people were killed and approximately 30 others were wounded. While foreigners were not specifically targeted, it is possible that tourists may find themselves in the wrong place at the wrong time. Canadians are advised to exercise extreme caution if travelling by public transportation.

Generally, violent attacks are not directed at tourists or foreigners, but there have been sporadic armed robberies of climbing expeditions, trekking groups, and tourist hotels. Some field offices of international non-governmental organizations have been targeted. More than 13,000 people have been killed in the country since the 1996 insurgency.

Although the Maoists have now formed the government under its own leadership, some of their followers continue to solicit money from tourists using extortion and violence. It is recommended that Canadians avoid confrontations and comply with all requests.

Petty theft is common, especially near tourist sites, on buses, and in hotel rooms. Do not leave personal belongings unattended. Travellers should exercise extreme caution in and around Kathmandu and other cities. Canadians should take particular care when walking around Thamel, a popular tourist spot in Kathmandu, where pickpocketing is common. Do not travel after dark. Women are vulnerable to harassment and verbal abuse. Conservative dress is recommended, particularly in remote areas. Female tourists travelling alone are more at risk of violent attacks. 

Many trekking routes are seriously affected by the Maoist insurgency. There have been incidents where trekkers and climbers have been stopped by Maoists and asked for money, threatened or injured before being allowed to continue on their journey. Canadians should exercise caution and remain calm if they are asked for "donations." The Maoists are very actively involved in collecting "donations" from trekkers on trails in all popular trekking regions in Nepal. Despite the purported "voluntary" nature of the donations, unconfirmed reports indicate that some trekkers have been threatened and their guides and porters held for several hours until the donations were paid. Canadians are requested to report any incidents to the Canadian Cooperation Office in Kathmandu. Trekkers should be aware that emergency services such as evacuations and rescues from remote areas have been compromised by non-availability of helicopters on short notice, lack of immediate/positive response from insurance companies, and extremely limited access to regular phone service in most trekking areas. Trekkers should check with their trekking agency for updates on security situation in the area.

Mountain trekkers should not travel alone but with recognized groups and organizations. Several Canadians have had fatal accidents while trekking. Many popular trekking trails exceed 5,500 metres (18,000 feet). Trekkers may experience acute mountain sickness at high altitudes and should be well informed on possible hazards in the high mountains. Whitewater rafting excursions should be organized through reputable agencies only. Canadians intending to trek in Nepal are strongly advised to:

a) never trek alone;
b) always hire an experienced guide and ensure the trekking company is reputable;
c) buy travel insurance that includes helicopter rescue and medical evacuation services;
d) be in top physical condition;
e) be familiar with the symptoms of acute mountain sickness (which can be fatal);
f) ensure someone (family member or friend) is informed of your itinerary;
g) register with the Canadian Cooperation Office in Kathmandu;
h) obtain detailed information on the trekking routes before setting out; and
i) check in at police posts during the trek, so that the trekking permits and your progress can be logged and you can be traced in an emergency.

Trekking permits may be obtained from the Immigration Office after arrival in Kathmandu or Pokhara. Trekking permits are no longer required for treks along the most popular trekking routes in the Everest, Annapurna, and Langtan regions.

Before leaving Kathmandu, trekkers can check with the Himalayan Rescue Association for information about trail conditions and possible hazards in the high country.

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4. ENTRY/EXIT REQUIREMENTS

It is the sole prerogative of each country or region to determine who is allowed to enter. All countries or regions have special requirements for persons intending to reside for extended periods (usually more than 90 days) or who plan to work, study, or engage in non-tourist activities. To obtain information on specific entry requirements, contact the nearest diplomatic or consular office of the destination(s) to be visited. Violations of entry and exit requirements may result in serious penalties.

The following information on entry and exit requirements has been confirmed with the authorities of Nepal. However, these requirements are subject to change at any time. It is the traveller’s responsibility to check with the Embassy of the Kingdom of Nepal and its consulates, for up-to-date information.

Travel to Tibet, an autonomous region of China, is permitted only with an organized tour group. Permits may be issued by the Chinese Embassy in Kathmandu. Canadians planning to travel to Tibet from Nepal should contact the Embassy of the People's Republic of China in Nepal for current regulations for entry into Tibet.

A valid Canadian passport is required for Canadians intending to visit Nepal. Passports must be valid for at least six months from the date of entry into Nepal. Canadians must also be in possession of a tourist visa. Tourist visas may be purchased in advance or upon arrival at the Kathmandu airport. You will need to supply a recent photo.

Tourist Visa: Required (valid for maximum 60 days)
Business Visa: Required (only issued in Nepal)
Student Visa: Required

An airport tax of NPR 1356 is charged upon departure on flights leaving for SAARC countries. In the case of other international flights, the amount of airport tax payable at the time of departure is NPR 1695.

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A Certificate of Canadian Citizenship is not a travel document. A Canadian passport is the only reliable and universally accepted travel and identification document available to Canadians for the purpose of international travel. Canadian citizens returning to Canada who present other documents, such as a Certificate of Canadian Citizenship, birth certificate, provincial driver’s license, or foreign passport, instead of a Canadian passport, may face delays or be denied boarding by transport companies.

Selling, altering, or allowing another person to use your passport is a criminal offence. It could lead to the laying of charges and imprisonment if convicted. It could also lead to the denial of future passport services.

Special and diplomatic passport holders should verify all visa requirements for this and other destinations, as they may differ from those that apply to regular passport holders.

Any adult travelling with children may be required to show evidence of parental/custodial and/or access rights. Foreign and Canadian authorities may also require evidence that the adult has the consent of the parents, legal guardian, and/or the court to travel with the children. Some countries or regions may not permit children to enter or, in some cases, leave the country or region without proper documentation such as a letter of consent or a court order.

Although same-sex marriages are legal in Canada, many countries or regions do not recognize them. Attempting to enter as a same-sex married couple may result in refusal by local officials. For more information, contact the foreign government office accredited to Canada.

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5. CANADIAN GOVERNMENT CONTACTS

You can obtain consular assistance and further consular information at the following address:

Nepal - KATHMANDU, Cooperation Office of Canada
Address: Lazimpat, Kathmandu, Nepal
Postal Address: P.O. Box 4574, Lazimpat, Kathmandu, Nepal
Tel.: 977 (1) 4415-193, -389, -391, -861, 4426-885, 4425-669
Fax: 977 (1) 4410-422
E-Mail: cco@canadanepal.org
Internet: http://www.cconepal.org.np

The High Commission of Canada in New Delhi, India, has consular responsibility for Nepal. The address is as follows:

India - NEW DELHI, High Commission of Canada
Address: 7/8 Shantipath, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi, India 110021, India
Postal Address: P.O. Box 5207, New Delhi, India, 110021
Tel.: 91 (11) 4178-2000/2100
Fax: 91 (11) 4178-2020
E-Mail: delhi.consular@international.gc.ca
Internet: http://www.india.gc.ca

For emergency assistance after hours, call the High Commission of Canada in New Delhi, India, and follow the instructions. You may also make a collect call to the Department in Ottawa at 613-996-8885.

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6. TRAVEL HEALTH

The Public Health Agency of Canada and the World Health Organization (WHO) report on disease outbreaks that occur throughout the world. For the latest travel health advisories and related information, visit the Public Health Agency of Canada’s Travel Health Web site.

The Public Health Agency of Canada strongly recommends that your travel plans include contacting a travel medicine clinic or physician six to eight weeks before departure. Based on your individual risk assessment, a health care professional can determine your need for immunizations and/or preventive medication and advise you on precautions to avoid disease. Travellers are reminded to ensure that their routine (childhood) immunizations (e.g., tetanus, diphtheria, polio, and measles) are up to date.

Standards of medical care may differ from those in Canada. Treatment may be expensive, and payment in advance may be required. Travellers are advised to arrange for medical insurance prior to departure. Prescription medications should be kept in the original container and packed in carry-on luggage.

The Public Health Agency of Canada also recommends that travellers who become sick or feel unwell on their return to Canada seek a medical assessment with their personal physician. Travellers should inform their physician that they have been travelling or living outside of Canada.

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7. ADDITIONAL HEALTH INFORMATION

Occurrences of Avian Influenza A (H5N1), or "bird flu", in poultry have been reported in Nepal. For more information and recommendations for travellers, please consult our Global Issues page or the Public Health Agency of Canada's Travel Health Advisory on Avian Influenza.

Standards of medical care may differ from those in Canada. Treatment may be expensive, and payment in advance may be required. Health care is poor in most places outside the Kathmandu Valley and Pokhara. Canadian travellers should carry medical and first aid kits. Medical evacuations to Singapore, Bangkok or New Delhi are often required for serious conditions. Travellers are advised to arrange for medical insurance prior to departure.

Prescription medications should be kept in the original container and packed in carry-on luggage.

The CIWEC Clinic, a private medical clinic in Kathmandu, provides a Web site travellers may consult.

Trekkers may experience acute mountain sickness (AMS) at high altitudes. AMS can be deadly. Canadians should carry travel and health insurance. Insurance should include provision for helicopter rescue, medical evacuation, and treatment for accidental injury and medical emergencies.

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8. LAWS AND CUSTOMS

You are subject to local laws. A serious violation may lead to a jail sentence. The sentence will be served in local prisons.

Canadians arrested or detained have the right to contact the responsible Canadian government office (embassy, high commission, etc.) listed in Section 5 above. Arresting officials have a responsibility to assist you in doing so. Canadian consular officials can provide a list of local lawyers upon request.

The procedures required in legal proceedings or police investigations may be different from the procedures in force in the Canadian legal system. Canadians wishing to undertake such proceedings can expect to face long delays and additional efforts in order to resolve their case. The Government of Canada cannot intervene in ongoing legal proceedings in other countries or regions, unless requested to do so by local authorities. Such requests are rare.

Possession, use, or trafficking of illegal drugs may result in jail sentences and heavy fines. Convicted offenders can face life imprisonment.

Women should dress conservatively in public.

Public displays of affection are considered to be inappropriate at many of Nepal’s religious sites. 

Homosexual activity is illegal.


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9. TRAVEL AND CURRENCY

Traffic drives on the left. Exercise caution when travelling by road. Driving standards are poor and traffic laws are not enforced. Drivers do not yield right-of-way to pedestrians. Many mountain and hill roads, which can be hazardous even in the best weather, are impassable during the monsoon season due to landslides. Traffic is congested in the Kathmandu Valley and road blockades occur frequently. Long-distance buses are often poorly maintained and accidents are common. Travel at night and on overnight buses should be avoided.

Road transport is often disturbed by general strikes. Landmines and improvised explosive devices (IED) also pose a risk. Canadians who choose to travel in the countryside should be prepared for sudden delays and closures and should avoid military installations.

Boat accidents are not uncommon in Nepal due to the overloading and poor maintenance of vessels. Caution and common sense should be exercised when being ferried across lakes or rivers. Travellers are advised not to board vessels that appear overloaded or unfit, especially where there are strong currents. Safety standards differ from those in Canada.

Violent incidents are triggered from time to time by events ranging from political assassinations to the simple painting out of election slogans. As a result of these incidents people, including innocent bystanders, have often been killed or injured. As well, bandhs (general transportation strikes) and curfews are often declared by protesting groups and the security services. These result in the total disruption of all ground transportation, often for several days on end. Although these incidents usually do not affect those areas most likely to be frequented by tourists, travellers should always check the latest information with their travel agent or the authorities before traveling inside Nepal and avoid affected areas.

An International Driving Permit (IDP) is required.

See our FAQ on transportation in order to verify if national airlines meet safety standards.

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The currency is the Nepalese rupee. Canadian currency and traveller's cheques are not widely accepted worldwide. Any amount over US$2,000 in cash (or equivalent in foreign currencies) must be declared at customs upon arrival in Nepal. Failure to do so may result in detention. Automated banking machines in Kathmandu are unreliable.

Canadian currency and traveller's cheques are not widely accepted worldwide. Check with your bank for information on automated banking machine (ABM) services outside Canada. You can also check the VISA ATM locator page or the MasterCard ATM locator page for the addresses of ABMs around the world. Verify with your financial institution whether your bank card can be used with ABMs abroad. Some countries use chip and/or personal identification number (PIN) technology for credit cards. Check with your bank to find out if your credit card will be accepted abroad. Credit cards and debit cards should be used with caution due to the potential for fraud and other criminal activity. ABMs should be used during business hours inside a bank, supermarket, or large commercial building. Leave copies of your card numbers with a family member in case of emergency.

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10. NATURAL DISASTERS AND CLIMATE

Nepal is located in an active seismic zone. Canadians should know the address and telephone number of the Canadian High Commission in New Delhi, India (see above), in the event of an emergency. Nepal's last major earthquake was in 1934; there was also a minor quake in 1988.

The monsoon season extends from June to September. Landslides affect Nepal during the monsoon season, and flooding may also occur. Both can cause major disruption to travel during the summer. Travellers should keep informed of regional weather forecasts and plan accordingly. Concerns have been raised about the potential for glacial lake flooding during the monsoon season, particularly in the Dolakha district of central Nepal.

Since late August 2008, floods displaced more than 45,000 residents in Haripur, Kushwaha and Laukahi in Sunsari District in the Eastern Terai. Furthermore, Ghuski, Narsingh and Basantapur have been partially affected due to water flowing from other Village Development Communities (VDC) in the region. More than 5,000 houses were submerged by the floods and an additional 1,000 families were partially affected. At least 4 people have been reported dead and approximately 52 are missing. A portion of East-West highway is obstructed in three different places due to the flood, adversely affecting rescue efforts and transportation in the region. Flood waters have damaged the optical fibre of Nepal Telecom and as a result the mobile phone services in Eastern Nepal have been disrupted. The Nepal Telecom reported that it would take them more than a month for service to resume.

See our Global Issues page for information on typhoons and monsoons.

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11. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Returning to Canada

Traveller's Checklist

Health and Travel Insurance: Do not rely on your provincial health plan to cover all expenses if you get sick or are injured while abroad. It may cover nothing or only a portion of the costs. Understand the terms of your supplementary insurance policy. Some credit cards offer their holders health and travel insurance. Do not assume the card alone provides adequate coverage. Carry details of your insurance with you. Also, tell your travel agent, a friend or relative, and/or travelling companion how to contact your insurer. Get a detailed invoice from the doctor or hospital before you return to Canada. Always submit original receipts for any medical services or prescriptions received abroad. Most insurance companies will not accept copies or faxes.

Cancelling a scheduled trip abroad could cost you money. Before cancelling a scheduled trip, you should discuss the matter with your travel agent, your travel insurer, or the airline. The decision to travel is the sole responsibility of the traveller.

Internet is available in Kathmandu however, it can be unreliable.

Adoption: The international adoption program in Nepal is currently under review.

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12. ANNEX

N/A

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