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TRAVEL REPORT
Israel, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip
Table of contents
1. RECENT UPDATES
The level of Travel Warning in this report has not changed.
Section 2 has been updated (Jerusalem).
See our Global Issues page for information on the H1N1 Flu Virus.
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2. WARNINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Israel
| Exercise normal security precautions | Exercise high degree of caution | Avoid non-essential travel | Avoid all travel |
See below for Regional Travel Warnings for some parts of Israel, as well as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank.
Most Canadian visitors to Israel do not experience problems. However, the security situation can change rapidly. Canadians, including dual nationals, should carry their passports at all times and register with the Embassy of Canada in Tel Aviv.
In past years, terrorist incidents have occurred in a variety of locations in Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, Eilat, Haifa, Beersheba, Netanya and other major populated centres, including at tourist sites and in public areas, causing numerous deaths and injuries. Foreigners have been affected but have never been directly targeted. There is potential for further violence. Incidents could be unpredictable and there is a strong risk that Canadians could find themselves in the middle of dangerous situations. Following terrorist incidents, the Government of Israel may establish checkpoints without warning. Canadians visiting urban areas should exercise caution, stay informed of the security situation, monitor local news reports and follow the advice of local authorities. Canadians should also avoid large gatherings, crowded places and demonstrations. Moreover, they should exercise extreme caution in public places, such as open markets and bus stations. Public transportation should be avoided at all times, especially during peak hours.
It is important to note that dual citizens who hold Canadian as well as Israeli citizenship are technically required by law to enter and exit from Israel or the West Bank showing their Israeli documentation.
Regions of Israel bordering Lebanon
| Exercise normal security precautions | Exercise high degree of caution | Avoid non-essential travel | Avoid all travel |
OFFICIAL WARNING: Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada advises against non-essential travel to regions near the border with Lebanon.
While a cessation of hostilities remains in effect between Israel and Hezbollah forces following the 2006 conflict, stability in the northern region of Israel could deteriorate rapidly without notice. Rockets fired from Lebanon into northern Israel have reached Shlomi and Kiryat Shmona. Although tensions have subsided since the 2006 conflict, there is still a strong potential for future incidents.
Region of Israel surrounding the Gaza Strip
| Exercise normal security precautions | Exercise high degree of caution | Avoid non-essential travel | Avoid all travel |
OFFICIAL WARNING: Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada advises against all travel to the region surrounding the Gaza Strip due to the risk of rocket and mortar launches, gunfire and of ongoing military activity. Between December 27, 2008, and January 18, 2009, rockets reached cities located some 40 km away, such as Ashdod, Beersheba and Gedera. Other cities have been targeted by rockets and mortars such as Netivot, Sderot and Ashqelon. Recent attacks have also targeted the Erez border crossing into Gaza.
Jerusalem
| Exercise normal security precautions | Exercise high degree of caution | Avoid non-essential travel | Avoid all travel |
Canadians should exercise a high level of personal security awareness at all times if they are in Jerusalem, especially in the Old City as there is a high incidence of crime, mostly at night. During periods of imposed movement restrictions and religious holidays as well as when national developments may have an impact on the local population, tensions may be exacerbated and lead to security incidents. It is recommended that travellers limit their movement to the Old City during such periods. It is also advisable to travel in groups and dress conservatively at all times.
Demonstrations in religious neighbourhoods occur regularly and sometimes result in clashes between residents and the local police. It may also disrupt traffic.
Other recent events include a security incident on July 22, 2008, when the driver of a bulldozer deliberately drove into vehicles, injuring at least 10 people. Three people were killed in a similar incident on July 2, 2008, and a number of others were injured. A shooting incident in a religious college on March 6, 2008, left 8 people dead and over 30 injured, including a Canadian. The popular intersection of Jaffa and King George streets and the adjoining Ben Yehuda Pedestrian Mall were targeted in previous years.
General Information on the Gaza Strip and the West Bank
The security situation in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip is very poor and unpredictable due to inter-factional violence and ongoing military operations. Several thousand people have been killed in recent years, including civilians. There is a continuing threat to Canadians who are present in these areas of being caught in the crossfire of such incidents. Between December 27, 2008, and January 18, 2009, Israel conducted a large-scale military operation in the Gaza Strip through air strikes and a ground offensive, while Hamas fired many rockets into southern Israel. The operation resulted in numerous casualties, including among civilians, as well as extensive damage to infrastructure and property. Demonstrations against the military operation have taken place in the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, and Jerusalem; some demonstrations have turned violent. Canadians are advised to exercise extreme caution at all times; avoid all crowds, political gatherings, and demonstrations; monitor news reports; and follow the advice of local authorities.
The Government of Israel tightly controls checkpoint crossings within the West Bank and to the Gaza Strip. Security-related closures can severely restrict entry to and exit from these areas, even for persons possessing valid entry and exit permits. Limited hours of operation, unannounced travel restrictions and extended closures result in large crowds often gathering which may elevate associated risks to personal safety. Curfews may also be imposed with little notice.
There is a high risk of kidnappings in the Gaza Strip, as well as in the West Bank cities of Nablus and Jenin. Foreigners have been kidnapped in the past.
Canadians travelling to the West Bank and the Gaza Strip despite these Travel Warnings should ensure that they have appropriate security measures in place to protect themselves, as well as alternative travel arrangements in case of a rapid deterioration in the security situation. They should carry their passports at all times, register and maintain contact with the Representative Office of Canada in Ramallah, keep a low profile, monitor local news reports and follow the advice of local authorities. Palestinian authorities may demand that Palestinian documentation be shown on exit or entry. Israeli authorities may allow exit from these locations only by persons showing Palestinian documentation.
The Gaza Strip
| Exercise normal security precautions | Exercise high degree of caution | Avoid non-essential travel | Avoid all travel |
OFFICIAL WARNING: Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada advises against all travel to the Gaza Strip, as it continues to be affected by serious violence. Attacks have occurred and have resulted in multiple casualties. The situation could deteriorate further due to inter-factional violence, along with possible military operations in the area. Areas around the border with Israel are particularly dangerous. The entrances to and exits from the Gaza Strip are under the control of Israeli and Egyptian authorities and have been effectively closed since June 2007, even to those in possession of valid entry and exit permits. Terrorist attacks occurred at border crossings in 2008.
Canadian consular officials have very limited ability to intervene on behalf of Canadians who choose to enter or remain in the Gaza Strip.
The West Bank, excluding Ramallah, Jericho and Bethlehem
| Exercise normal security precautions | Exercise high degree of caution | Avoid non-essential travel | Avoid all travel |
OFFICIAL WARNING: Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada advises against all travel to the West Bank, excluding Ramallah, Jericho and Bethlehem, as the security situation could deteriorate rapidly due to inter-factional tension, demonstrations or military operations. There are frequent police and military operations targeting militants in cities and villages throughout the West Bank, particularly in Nablus, Jenin, Qalqiliyya, Tulkarem and the refugee camps. It is not possible to travel without passing through multiple Israeli military checkpoints. There is a threat of violent outbreaks in areas near checkpoints and of demonstrations. Areas in the vicinity of the Barrier separating the West Bank and Israel are particularly high-risk. It is recommended to travel only during daytime and not to stay overnight.
In July 2009, Israeli settlers and demonstrators have protested the removal of settlement outposts by attacking Palestinian civilians, vehicles, and real property (torching) in the Hebron area, and villages (Tell, Burin, Madama, Hawwara) and roads around Nablus, in the north. The potential for such future activity remains in these and other parts of the West Bank.
Ramallah, Jericho and Bethlehem (West Bank)
| Exercise normal security precautions | Exercise high degree of caution | Avoid non-essential travel | Avoid all travel |
OFFICIAL WARNING: Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada advises against non-essential travel to the cities of Ramallah, Jericho and Bethlehem. The level of violence in these three cities has remained relatively low compared to other areas of the West Bank in recent years. Nevertheless, the potential for political demonstrations and military incursions remains. It is recommended to travel only during daytime and not to stay overnight in these cities.
OFFICIAL REGISTRATION RECOMMENDATION: We offer a registration service for all Canadians travelling or living abroad. This service is provided so that we can contact and assist you in an emergency abroad, such as a natural disaster or civil unrest, or inform you of a family emergency at home. Registration can be done on-line or by contacting a Canadian government office abroad. For more information, see our FAQs on Registration of Canadians Abroad.
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3. SAFETY AND SECURITY
The decision to travel is the sole responsibility of the traveller. Travellers are responsible for their own personal safety. The Government of Canada takes the safety and security of Canadians abroad very seriously and provides credible and timely advice in its Travel Reports. In the event of a crisis situation that requires evacuation, the Government of Canada’s policy is to provide safe transportation to the closest safe location. Canada will assist Canadians in leaving a country or a region as a last resort, when all means of commercial or personal transportation have been exhausted. This service is provided on a cost-recovery basis. Onward travel is at the individual’s personal expense. Situations vary from one location to another, and there may be constraints on government resources, which can limit the ability of the Government of Canada to provide assistance, particularly in countries or regions where the potential for violent conflict or political instability are high.
Crime
The crime rate is moderate in Israel, and low in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. Vehicle theft is a serious problem. Car doors should always be locked and windows closed. Thefts also occur on public beaches. All Canadians should be particularly careful to keep wallets, money and valuables out of sight, particularly in large crowds and public markets. Violent crime is rare.
Demonstrations
Planned and unplanned demonstrations regularly occur in Israel, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. Caution should particularly be exercised if demonstrations take place around areas such as settlements, checkpoints or military zones. Canadians are advised to avoid crowds, political gatherings or demonstrations because they could turn violent without warning. Canadians should also monitor news reports and follow the advice of local authorities.
Landmines
There are live landmines in certain areas, including parts of the West Bank and along Israel’s borders. Some minefields have not been clearly marked or fenced. Visitors should walk only on established roads or trails.
General Safety Information
There are frequent disruptions in telephone, power and water services in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.
The main emergency phone numbers for Israel and the West Bank are 100 for police, 102 for fire department service and 101 for medical emergencies.
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4. ENTRY/EXIT REQUIREMENTS
It is the sole prerogative of each country or region to determine who is allowed to enter. All countries or regions have special requirements for persons intending to reside for extended periods (usually more than 90 days) or who plan to work, study, or engage in non-tourist activities. To obtain information on specific entry requirements, contact the nearest diplomatic or consular office of the destination(s) to be visited. Violations of entry and exit requirements may result in serious penalties.
The following information on entry and exit requirements has been confirmed with the Israeli authorities. However, these requirements are subject to change at any time. It is the traveller's responsibility to check with the Embassy of Israel and its consulates, as well as the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs website, for up-to-date information.
A valid Canadian passport is required for Canadians intending to visit Israel, the West Bank and/or the Gaza Strip. The passport must be valid for at least six months beyond the date of the expected departure from the country. Proof of a return ticket is required.
Tourist Visa: Not required
Business Visa: Not required
Student Visa: Not required
Work Visa: Required (must be arranged by Israeli employer)
Restrictions
The Government of Israel has instituted a new practice whereby it imposes restrictions on certain visitors to Israel and the West Bank. It has not yet provided information as to which categories of visitors will be affected by these restrictions. There are reports that, at Allenby Bridge and at Ben Gurion International Airport, the passports of certain travellers have been stamped "Palestinian Authority only." The stamp limits these travellers to West Bank destinations only and bars them from entering Israel and Jerusalem. There are also reports of officials at Ben Gurion International Airport requiring certain visitors to sign a form that prohibits them from entering the West Bank, thus limiting their stays to Israel and Jerusalem.
Note that the Embassy of Canada in Israel may be limited in its ability to intervene in either of these situations.
Canadians of Palestinian origin
It is imperative that Canadians of Palestinian origin are aware of border control policies affecting entry to and exit from Israel, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip prior to travel as they are subject to Government of Israel travel regulations for Palestinians. Anyone registered in the Government of Israel’s West Bank or Gaza Population Registry as a resident of the West Bank or the Gaza Strip is not permitted to enter Israel via Ben Gurion International Airport and must do so only via Allenby Bridge.
A Palestinian Authority travel document may be required for any Canadian of Palestinian origin. Failure to present this document may prevent entry to or exit from Israel, the West Bank or the Gaza Strip. Recently the Israeli government has been strictly implementing this policy. There have also been reports of this policy being applied to Canadians born in Arab states or those holding dual Canadian-Arab state citizenship. In these cases, travellers were asked to enter and exit Israel on their Arab passport.
Dual Canadian-Israeli nationals
Canadians who were born outside Israel to a mother or father who is an Israeli citizen may be considered citizens of Israel. Israeli law requires Israeli citizens to enter and leave the country on an Israeli passport, and to show proof of military status upon arrival. Canadians who are unsure of their Israeli citizenship and/or their military status should verify it through the Embassy of Israel or an Israeli consulate before leaving Canada.
See section 8 of this Travel Report for more information on dual nationality.
Travel to and from the West Bank
For information on travel to the West Bank, Canadians should consult the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs website since Israel is the de facto authority responsible for foreign nationals’ entry to and exit from the West Bank. In some circumstances, Canadians may be denied entry into the West Bank by Israel.
Travel to and from the Gaza Strip
There are currently severe restrictions on entry to and exit from the Gaza Strip. All border crossings have effectively been closed since June 2007. Palestinian Canadians should note that they are permitted to enter and depart only through the Rafah border crossing into Egypt when it is open. Non-Palestinians are generally not permitted to use this crossing.
Travel to and from Jordan
Visas can be obtained at the Arava crossing (Wadi al-’Arabah) in the south (near Eilat) and at the Jordan River crossing (Sheikh Hussein Bridge) in the north (near Bet She’an).
Canadian passport holders may also cross at the Allenby Bridge (King-Hussein) crossing near Jericho. Visas must be obtained before the date of crossing. They cannot be obtained at the crossing point.
Regional Travel
Canadians travelling to Israel from other countries in the Middle East are advised that their passports could come under increased scrutiny by Israeli immigration authorities because they bear visa and entry/exit stamps from those countries. Canadians experiencing problems are encouraged to contact the nearest Canadian government office or Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada in Ottawa for advice and assistance.
Canadians have been denied entry into Syria, Lebanon and other countries because their passports bore: (a) an Israeli visa; (b) an Israeli border stamp; or (c) an Egyptian or Jordanian border stamp issued by an office bordering Israel (such a stamp would indicate that the traveller entered from Israel).
A Certificate of Canadian Citizenship is not a travel document. A Canadian passport is the only reliable and universally accepted travel and identification document available to Canadians for the purpose of international travel. Canadian citizens returning to Canada who present other documents, such as a Certificate of Canadian Citizenship, birth certificate, provincial driver’s license, or foreign passport, instead of a Canadian passport, may face delays or be denied boarding by transport companies.
Selling, altering, or allowing another person to use your passport is a criminal offence. It could lead to the laying of charges and imprisonment if convicted. It could also lead to the denial of future passport services.
Special and diplomatic passport holders should verify all visa requirements for this and other destinations, as they may differ from those that apply to regular passport holders.
Any adult travelling with children may be required to show evidence of parental/custodial and/or access rights. Foreign and Canadian authorities may also require evidence that the adult has the consent of the parents, legal guardian, and/or the court to travel with the children. Some countries or regions may not permit children to enter or, in some cases, leave the country or region without proper documentation such as a letter of consent or a court order.
Although same-sex marriages are legal in Canada, many countries or regions do not recognize them. Attempting to enter as a same-sex married couple may result in refusal by local officials. For more information, contact the foreign government office accredited to Canada.
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5. CANADIAN GOVERNMENT CONTACTS
You can obtain consular assistance and further consular information at the following addresses:
Israel, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip - TEL AVIV, Embassy of Canada
Address: 1 Nirim Street, Entrance A, 4th Floor, Tel Aviv 67060, Israel
Postal Address: P.O. Box 9442, Tel Aviv, 67060, Israel
Tel.: 972 (3) 636-3300
Emergency toll-free to Ottawa: 014-800-2326-6831
Fax: 972 (3) 636-3383
E-Mail: taviv@international.gc.ca
Internet: http://www.israel.gc.ca
West Bank and Gaza Strip - RAMALLAH, Representative Office of Canada
Address: 12 Mahfal Street, Ramallah, West Bank
Postal Address: P.O. Box 18604, Jerusalem 91184, or P.O. Box 2286, Ramallah, West Bank
Tel.: 972 (2) 297-8430
Fax: 972 (2) 297-8446
E-Mail: rmlah@international.gc.ca
Internet: http://www.westbankandgaza.gc.ca
For emergency assistance after hours, call the Embassy of Canada in Tel Aviv and follow the instructions. You may also call the Emergency Operations Centre in Ottawa toll-free at 014-800-2326-6831.
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6. TRAVEL HEALTH
The Public Health Agency of Canada and the World Health Organization (WHO) report on disease outbreaks that occur throughout the world. For the latest travel health advisories and related information, visit the Public Health Agency of Canada’s Travel Health Web site.
The Public Health Agency of Canada strongly recommends that your travel plans include contacting a travel medicine clinic or physician six to eight weeks before departure. Based on your individual risk assessment, a health care professional can determine your need for immunizations and/or preventive medication and advise you on precautions to avoid disease. Travellers are reminded to ensure that their routine (childhood) immunizations (e.g., tetanus, diphtheria, polio, and measles) are up to date.
Standards of medical care may differ from those in Canada. Treatment may be expensive, and payment in advance may be required. Travellers are advised to arrange for medical insurance prior to departure. Prescription medications should be kept in the original container and packed in carry-on luggage.
The Public Health Agency of Canada also recommends that travellers who become sick or feel unwell on their return to Canada seek a medical assessment with their personal physician. Travellers should inform their physician that they have been travelling or living outside of Canada.
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7. ADDITIONAL HEALTH INFORMATION
Israeli officials may conduct screening of passengers arriving on international flights for H1N1 Flu Virus.
Modern medical care is available in Israel. Standards are generally comparable to those in Canada but are lower in some hospitals and private clinics in Israel, as well as in several hospitals in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank. Medical treatment can be very expensive, and payment in advance is often required. There is a decompression chamber at Joseph Tal Hospital in Eilat.
Outside Tel Aviv and surrounding areas, water used for drinking should be boiled first or bottled water should be used.
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8. LAWS AND CUSTOMS
You are subject to local laws. A serious violation may lead to a jail sentence. The sentence will be served in local prisons.
Canadians arrested or detained have the right to contact the responsible Canadian government office (embassy, high commission, etc.) listed in Section 5 above. Arresting officials have a responsibility to assist you in doing so. Canadian consular officials can provide a list of local lawyers upon request.
The procedures required in legal proceedings or police investigations may be different from the procedures in force in the Canadian legal system. Canadians wishing to undertake such proceedings can expect to face long delays and additional efforts in order to resolve their case. The Government of Canada cannot intervene in ongoing legal proceedings in other countries or regions, unless requested to do so by local authorities. Such requests are rare.
Penalties for illegal drug possession, use or trafficking are severe, and convicted offenders can expect jail sentences and fines. The Palestinian Authority also has strict penalties for drug possession and use.
The work week is from Sunday to Friday in Israel, and from Saturday to Thursday in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.
Homosexual activity is illegal in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, as is any public display of affection. Common-law relationships are not recognized.
Permission should be asked before photographing people in Muslim or Orthodox Jewish areas. Photographs should not be taken of military or police personnel or installations.
Video cameras and laptop computers, among other items, must be declared and registered with the Israeli authorities on entry so that they can be re-exported on departure. Travellers carrying these items must go through the red zone at customs. Security officials at Ben Gurion International Airport may prohibit travellers from carrying laptop computers in passenger cabins on international flights from Israel. The laptops are frequently sent separately to their destinations. Travellers should be aware that the equipment may be lost or damaged. They should carefully consider whether to travel with a laptop computer when departing from Ben Gurion International Airport.
Religious and social traditions
It is important to respect religious and social traditions in order to avoid offending local sensitivities, especially when visiting religious sites. Common sense and discretion should be exercised in dress and behaviour, particularly in Jerusalem, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. People feel strongly about their customs and beliefs. Assaults on visitors who are travelling in cars or immodestly dressed have occurred in Jerusalem’s Old City and ultra-Orthodox Jewish neighbourhoods on Sabbath (Friday nights and Saturdays).
During periods of religious holidays, such as Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Ramadan and Pesach (Passover), travellers should stay informed of the security situation, follow the advice of authorities and respect local customs. It is also advised to monitor local news reports for changes to checkpoint and border-crossing hours of operation.
Dual Nationals (see also Section 4)
Canadians with Palestinian or Israeli nationality should be aware that local laws may limit the capacity of the Government of Canada to provide them with consular assistance within Israel, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, including emergency services and departure and evacuation assistance.
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9. TRAVEL AND CURRENCY
There is a high rate of traffic fatalities. Drivers should exercise caution. Consult the Israeli Police Traffic Department website for information on traffic laws.
The roads in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank can often be of poor quality. During the winter months, precipitation can cause driving conditions to deteriorate.
The Israel Defence Forces often do not permit vehicles with Israeli licence plates to enter areas of the West Bank. Even if the driver has a valid visa and authorization to enter the West Bank, there is still no guarantee that the vehicle he/she is driving will be allowed to pass through security checkpoints. Drivers may also be stopped for security checking by Palestinian police within their jurisdiction. Vehicles bearing Israeli plates may be subject to attack in Palestinian areas.
Vehicles with Palestinian licence plates are not permitted to enter Israel.
An International Driving Permit (IDP) is recommended.
See our FAQ on transportation in order to verify if national airlines meet safety standards.
The currency is the new Israeli sheqel (ILS). Credit cards, traveller’s cheques and U.S. dollars are widely accepted. The Jordanian dinar (JOD) is accepted in most areas of the West Bank. ABMs are available. Canadian currency and traveller’s cheques are not widely accepted worldwide.
Check with your bank for information on automated banking machine (ABM) services outside Canada. You can also check the VISA ATM locator page or the MasterCard ATM locator page for the addresses of ABMs around the world. Verify with your financial institution whether your bank card can be used with ABMs abroad. Some countries use chip and/or personal identification number (PIN) technology for credit cards. Check with your bank to find out if your credit card will be accepted abroad. Credit cards and debit cards should be used with caution due to the potential for fraud and other criminal activity. ABMs should be used during business hours inside a bank, supermarket, or large commercial building. Leave copies of your card numbers with a family member in case of emergency.
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10. NATURAL DISASTERS AND CLIMATE
Israel, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip are located in a seismic zone. There have been no major earth tremors in recent years. Sandstorms occur in spring and summer.
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11. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Returning to Canada
Traveller's Checklist
Health and Travel Insurance: Do not rely on your provincial health plan to cover all expenses if you get sick or are injured while abroad. It may cover nothing or only a portion of the costs. Understand the terms of your supplementary insurance policy. Some credit cards offer their holders health and travel insurance. Do not assume the card alone provides adequate coverage. Carry details of your insurance with you. Also, tell your travel agent, a friend or relative, and/or travelling companion how to contact your insurer. Get a detailed invoice from the doctor or hospital before you return to Canada. Always submit original receipts for any medical services or prescriptions received abroad. Most insurance companies will not accept copies or faxes.
Cancelling a scheduled trip abroad could cost you money. Before cancelling a scheduled trip, you should discuss the matter with your travel agent, your travel insurer, or the airline. The decision to travel is the sole responsibility of the traveller.
Adoption: Provincial and territorial authorities in Canada are responsible for authorizing international adoptions. If you are thinking of adopting a child abroad, you must first obtain information about the adoption regulations of the province or territory in which the child will reside. While adoption is a provincial/territorial responsibility, Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) is responsible for allowing an adopted child entry into Canada. Entry can be refused if the child does not hold the appropriate immigrant visa. A visa may be denied, even if the adoption has already been completed. For more information contact CIC at 1 888 242-2100 (in Canada only), check the CIC Web site or contact your provincial or territorial government.
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12. ANNEX
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